EIREducational Innovation Research3029-18443029-1852WHIOCE PUBLISHING PTE. LTD.10.18063/EIR.v4i3.1807ArticleThe Dilemmas and Solutions of Teaching Chinese Culture as a Foreign Language from the Perspective of Constructivism Theory–A Systematic Review Based on Literature of the Past Decadehttps://artdesignp.com/journal/EIR/4/3/10.18063/EIR.v4i3.1807KangQinyi2026432026-03-26Over the past decade, the field of teaching Chinese as a second language has continued to develop, showing a trend towards younger learners and increasing professionalization. Chinese teaching in different countries no longer only focuses on traditional language mode, but integrates cultural element into language teaching, thus cultivating the communicative competence and international perspective of international Chinese language talents. However, existing studies mostly focus on macroscopic discussions from intercultural perspectives, and systematic analysis of micro-level issues such as the content system and teaching methods of cultural teaching remains insufficient. Therefore, this paper takes Constructivism as a framework and conducts research around three core issues: first, the research progress and mainstream practical paradigms of cultural teaching in the past decade; second, the core difficulties of current cultural teaching at the levels of research perspectives, content systems, and teaching methods; third, how to combine teaching practice to construct an optimized path of the “language-culture-intercultural communication” trinity. Therefore, based on the perspective of Constructivism, this paper combines the author’ s own teaching practice through reviewing relevant literature, summarizes the research progress of cultural teaching, and provides operable innovative solutions to solve the existing dilemmas, so as to promote the high-quality development of international Chinese language education.International Chinese language education,Constructivism,Cultural teaching,Trinity

[1] Xiong W, Zhu W, 1980, Social Factors in Chinese and English Language Learning. Language Teaching and Research, 1980(2): 135–145. [2] Zhang Z, 1984, Individualized Chinese Teaching and Its Teaching Materials. Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies, 1984(3): 57–67. [3] Cao X, Gao R, 2003, Constructivist Learning Theory and Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. Journal of Yunnan Normal University, 2003(2): 23–26. [4] Li B, 2003, Constructivist Learning Theory and Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. Journal of Yunnan Normal University, 2003(4): 49–53. [5] Liu Z, 2022, Exploration and Practice of Online International Chinese Language Teaching Models—From the Perspective of Constructivist Learning Theory. International Chinese Language Education (Chinese and English), 7(2): 67–75. [6] Li Q, Ding Q, 2017, Teaching and Dissemination of Chinese Culture: Contemporary Perspectives and Connotations. Applied Linguistics, 2017(1): 117–124. [7] Zhu J, 2017, Research on Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language from an Intercultural Perspective. Language Planning, 2017(9): 17–18. [8] Jiang X, 2025, From Language Items to Cultural Domestication: William Gesenius’s First Chinese-German Two-way Teaching Experiment (1823–1825) in the Early 19th Century. Foreign Language Teaching Theory and Practice, 2025(5): 54–65. [9] Luan Z, 2017, Research on Chinese Culture Teaching for International Students. Language Planning, 2017(32): 19–20. [10] Shen L, 2018, Problems and Countermeasures for Culture Teaching in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language. Theory and Practice of Education, 38(18): 59–60. [11] Liu Y, Wang J, Wu X, et al., 2021, Compilation and Publishing Strategies of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language Textbooks Under the Internationalization of Chinese. China Editorial Journal, 2021(6): 55–60. [12] Kennedy J, 2020, Intercultural Pedagogies in Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL). Intercultural Education, 31(4): 427–446. [13] Li Q, Sun Y, 2023, New Ideas for Chinese Culture Teaching: Localized Content and Story-based Methods. Applied Linguistics, 2023(1): 33–44. [14] Wang Z, Wang Y, Xu Y, et al., 2025, Research on the Application and Trend of Intelligent Technology in International Chinese Language Education. Chinese Language Teaching and Research, 2025(1): 9–21. [15] Wang T, 2012, A Discussion on Constructivist Learning Theory and Vocabulary Teaching in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language. Beijing Education (Higher Education), 2012(6): 65–67. [16] Zhang H, Chen H, 2006, Cultural Teaching Content and Language-Cultural Factors in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. Social Scientist, 2006(S1): 247–248. [17] Huang W, 2015, An Empirical Study on Process-Oriented Cultural Teaching and Cultivation of Intercultural Communication Competence. Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages, 38(1): 51–58. [18] Xiu N, 2022, Research on Teaching Reform for the Construction of New Liberal Arts. Theory and Practice of Education, 42(3): 50–53.